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Dover, Delaware, serves as the capital city of the First State and offers visitors a unique window into American history, government, and colonial heritage. As the second-largest city in Delaware with approximately 40,000 residents, Dover provides an intimate, walkable experience filled with historic sites, museums, and Southern hospitality. Located in central Delaware, Dover sits approximately equidistant from Philadelphia to the north and Baltimore to the south, making it an accessible destination for those seeking to explore the First State’s capital.
| Era | Event |
|---|---|
| 1683 | William Penn grants land to create “Dover” settlement |
| 1717 | Dover becomes county seat of Kent County |
| 1787 | Delaware becomes the first state to ratify the U.S. Constitution |
| 1791 | Dover designated as state capital, replacing New Castle |
| 1804 | Construction of the Old State House begins |
| 1864 | Dover briefly occupied by Confederate forces during Civil War |
| 1943 | Dover Air Force Base established, becoming major military installation |
| 1963 | Legislative Hall opens as home to Delaware General Assembly |
Dover’s history traces back to 1683 when William Penn granted land for the settlement. The town’s name honors Sir William Dover, the secretary of the province. Originally a small farming community, Dover grew in importance when it became Kent County’s seat in 1717 and was designated as Delaware’s capital in 1791, replacing New Castle.
The Old State House, constructed starting in 1789, stands as one of the finest examples of colonial-era government buildings in America. Dover played a strategic role during the American Revolutionary War and the Civil War, when Confederate forces briefly occupied the city in 1864. The establishment of Dover Air Force Base in 1943 brought significant military presence and economic growth to the region.
| Attraction | Description |
|---|---|
| First State Heritage Park | Delaware’s first urban park linking historical sites including the Old State House, Johnson Victorian Museum, and Dover Green |
| Delaware State Capitol | Current capitol building open for tours; Greek Revival architecture completed in 1933 |
| Old State House | Original colonial capitol building dating to 1791; exhibits on Delaware’s colonial and political history |
| John Dickinson Plantation | Historic plantation home of “Penman of the Revolution”; showcases life in 18th-century Delaware |
| **Dover International Speedway | NASCAR track hosting major racing events; “Monster Mile” draws racing enthusiasts |
| Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge | Coastal wetland habitat for migratory birds; excellent for birdwatching and nature photography |
| Fort Sumter | No, this is different - various historic markers and monuments throughout the city |
| Dover Green | Historic colonial meeting ground; site of Revolutionary War-era gatherings and celebrations |
The First State Heritage Park represents Delaware’s commitment to preserving its capital’s colonial heritage. This urban park connects multiple historic sites within downtown Dover, including the Old State House, the Johnson Victorian Museum (a preserved 1870s Victorian mansion), and the Dover Green, where colonial assemblies met and celebrated Independence Day.
The Delaware State Capitol building, completed in 1933 in Greek Revival style, offers guided tours allowing visitors to observe the legislative process. Racing enthusiasts flock to the Dover International Speedway, known as the “Monster Mile,” which hosts NASCAR Cup Series races and other motorsport events throughout the year.
Nature lovers appreciate Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge, a pristine coastal wetland area managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The refuge provides habitat for hundreds of species of birds, particularly during migration seasons, and features several wildlife drives and walking trails.
| Season | Avg High | Avg Low | Conditions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spring (March-May) | 68°F (20°C) | 46°F (8°C) | Mild weather; Dover Days festival in May; comfortable for outdoor exploration |
| Summer (June-August) | 87°F (31°C) | 67°F (19°C) | Warm and humid; peak tourist season; NASCAR events at Dover International Speedway |
| Fall (September-November) | 74°F (23°C) | 52°F (11°C) | Pleasant temperatures; fall foliage; fewer crowds after summer peak |
| Winter (December-February) | 45°F (7°C) | 28°F (-2°C) | Cold; holiday events at Dover International Speedway; minimal crowds |
The best time to visit Dover is during spring (April-May) or fall (September-October) when temperatures are moderate and comfortable for exploring outdoor attractions. Spring brings the annual Dover Days Festival in May, celebrating Delaware’s heritage with colonial reenactments, crafts, and family activities. Fall offers beautiful autumn colors and the NASCAR playoff races at Dover International Speedway, which draw significant crowds.
Summer brings warm weather ideal for visiting Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge, though humidity can be high. This is peak season for racing fans attending Dover International Speedway events. Winter sees fewer tourists, making it ideal for those seeking a quieter experience, though some attractions have reduced hours and the cold temperatures limit outdoor activities.
Dover is easily accessible from Interstate 95, approximately 45 minutes south of Philadelphia and one hour north of Baltimore. The city is served by Dover Air Force Base for military-related travel, while Delaware State University adds academic energy to the community. The DART bus system provides local public transportation, though a car offers the most flexibility for exploring the region.
The downtown area is compact and walkable, centered around the Legislative Mall and State Street. Visitors can easily explore multiple historic sites on foot. The Dover Green area hosts various community events throughout the year, including the annual First Night New Year’s celebration.
For day trips, ** Rehoboth Beach** and Delaware’s beaches are approximately 45 minutes to one hour southeast, offering ocean recreation during summer months. Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library and the Nemours Estate in Wilmington are approximately 30 minutes north, providing world-class art and gardens for those interested in Gilded Age estates.
Here are some of our favorite things to do while visiting Dover DE. Pick your favorite!
The Biggs Museum of American Art stands as Delaware’s premier fine art institution, offering visitors a rare opportunity to explore centuries of American creativity in an intimate, accessible setting. Located on Dover’s Historic Green at 406 Federal…